MODEL KONSELING PASTORAL RESTORATIF-INKLUSIF BAGI KELUARGA KRISTEN YANG MEMILIKI ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS

Abstract

Christian families who care for children with special needs encounter pastoral, psychological, social, and theological pressures that cannot be addressed through private adaptation alone. This article develops a restorative-inclusive model of pastoral counseling based on Manihar Marianus Nadeak's research, internal pastoral-counseling output mapping, and a critical synthesis of recent Indonesian and English-language studies on parental burnout, social rejection trauma, shame, punitive God-images, toxic ecclesial authority, and congregational care structures. The study argues that earlier approaches have often emphasized parental acceptance while insufficiently interrogating congregational stigma, unsafe theological interpretation, resource deficits, and the absence of referral-aware pastoral systems. Using a constructive qualitative method, the article proposes the RIR-P model: restorative, inclusive, referral-based, and participatory. The model integrates empathic assessment, theological reframing, risk-resource mapping, ecclesial accessibility, professional referral, and participatory evaluation. Its contribution is a practical-theological framework that moves churches from mere consolation toward accountable care, disability justice, and sustainable support for Christian families with children with special needs.