Diegesis: Jurnal Teologi presents a wide range of scholarly themes, including Theology, Christian Religious Education, Leadership, Theology of Religions, and Practical Ministry in Local Churches through Cell Groups. These diverse topics provide opportunities for readers, researchers, educators, theologians, and ministry practitioners from various fields of interest and expertise to engage in meaningful academic and theological discussions. As a journal published by Bethel Indonesia Theological Seminary (STT Bethel Indonesia), which is rooted in the Pentecostal church tradition, all articles submitted and published are expected to address relevant issues from a Pentecostal theological perspective. The journal seeks to contribute to the development of theological scholarship and practical ministry by promoting research, reflection, and discourse grounded in Pentecostal theology. toto slot slot toto toto slot
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ETHICAL DILEMMAS IN THE CHURCH’S PASTORAL MINISTRY REGARDING THE PRACTICE OF COHABITATION WITHOUT FORMAL MARRIAGE
This study examines the ethical dilemma in church pastoral ministry toward cohabitation without formal marriage, highlighting the gap between the normative affirmation of marriage as a covenant and the need for contextual pastoral accompaniment. Previous studies have tended to assess cohabitation from moral or sociological perspectives but have not articulated an integrative pastoral response model. This qualitative case study involved purposively selected participants (pastors, church elders, and cohabiting couples). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, limited observation, and literature review, and analyzed using thematic coding. An Aristotelian virtue ethics framework was synthetically integrated with Franz Magnis-Suseno’s ethics of responsibility and enriched by a deontological perspective from Immanuel Kant, particularly concerning moral duty and the categorical imperative as a universal norm. This deontological lens sharpens the analysis of moral obligation, public commitment, and respect for human dignity within relational structures. Findings indicate that cohabitation is primarily driven by economic pressures and customary demands rather than theological rejection, and that churches adopt a moderative strategy: liturgical inclusion combined with structural restrictions. The study contributes to the formulation of a gradual pastoral model that upholds doctrinal integrity while fostering relational transformation.
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PROMISE, FULFILLMENT, AND ISRAEL: TESTING A BIBLICAL-THEOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK OF CHRIST AND THE KINGDOM OF GOD
This article explores the theological relationship between Christology, the Kingdom of God, and Israel within the framework of biblical and systematic theology. Employing a qualitative–exegetical method combined with constructive theological reflection, it examines how New Testament Christology integrates the identity and mission of Jesus with God’s covenant promises to Israel. The study argues that Jesus, as the Messiah from the line of David, fulfills Israel’s hope for the Kingdom of God and extends it to all nations without negating Israel’s theological significance. It demonstrates that authentic Christology is rooted in God’s reign, grounded in the covenant with Israel, and revealed through the ministry of Jesus, who manifests the presence of God’s Kingdom in human history. The research further emphasizes that the contemporary Church is called to live out a Kingdom-oriented spirituality that is inclusive, ethical, and missional, while acknowledging Israel as a sign of God’s enduring faithfulness in salvation history. Consequently, the integration of Christ, the Kingdom, and Israel offers a coherent biblical-theological paradigm that reinforces the unity between divine promise and fulfillment in Christ for all nations.
LITURGI YANG BERGERAK: KOREOGRAFI ROHANI DALAM IBADAH PUJIAN ALA DAUD
This study examines the profound role of bodily movement and choreography in Christian worship, advocating for its reintegration as an essential liturgical dimension, inspired by the Davidic model. It introduces "Kinetic Theology" as a new theological framework systematically affirming the intrinsic spiritual significance of the body in worship, and "Spiritual Choreography" as its practical manifestation. By analyzing biblical precedents, tracing historical shifts, and addressing contemporary challenges, this study challenges traditional mind-body dualism in worship, proposing that intentional movement can serve as a powerful prophetic and restorative form of praise, fostering a more holistic and deeply engaged liturgical experience.
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ECOLOGICAL THEOLOGY IN GMIH LITURGY AND ITS ROLE AS THE CHURCH’S EDUCATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY TOWARD THE ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS IN NORTH MALUKU
The purpose of this study is to describe the Church's strategy for developing a Pentecostal spirituality and Divine Healing experience for Generation Alpha, based on the Book of Acts. Raised entirely in a digital ecosystem, this generation strongly desires to feel and experience the truth of the Word made real in their lives. The church must create new ministry platforms, especially in virtual spaces, to teach and provide understanding of true Pentecostal spirituality and Divine Healing. The research employed a qualitative approach using textual analysis methods. The results highlight the church's contextual approach, translating its message verbally and digitally (Acts 2:7-11); a relational approach, building a healing and empowering community (Acts 2:44, 46); adaptation to technology, using social media for mission and healing ministry (Acts 5:12-16); and providing space for Generation Alpha's spiritual growth (Acts 19:13-20). The Church must focus on the Word to maximise the practical experience of the Holy Spirit and Divine Healing for Generation Alpha.
Spirituality; Pentecost; Divine Healing; Generation Alpha; Church; Acts of the Apostles.
PEMBINAAN ORANG DEWASA KRISTEN BERDASARKAN KONSEP PEMBELAJARAN PARTISIPATIF
Coaching for adults can be developed based on behavioristic, cognitive and constructivist learning concepts. However, coaching for adults that involve students from the beginning of the coaching design until the final evaluation requires an appropriate learning concept, namely participatory learning. This research aims to develop a concept of formation for Christian adults by utilizing participatory learning. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. To produce a participatory coaching concept, an analysis was carried out of the characteristics of coaching for Christian adults and the concept of participatory learning. A participatory coaching concept was developed based on the results of the following analysis stage. The research results are based on participatory coaching for Christian adults, which consists of principles of participatory coaching and steps to develop participatory coaching for Christian adults.
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THE SACRED MEANING OF FORESTS IN A COMMUNITY-BASED ECOTHEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE: A QUALITATIVE STUDY IN TELUK KEPAYANG VILLAGE, SOUTH KALIMANTAN
Forest conservation has become an increasingly urgent ecological concern and is often discussed within normative theological frameworks. However, limited research has examined how forest communities interpret and relate to the forest. This article analyzes how forest communities construct meanings and relational practices toward the forest within a community-based ecotheological framework. This study employs a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews, observation, and document analysis among members of the forest community in Teluk Kepayang Village, South Kalimantan. Data were analyzed thematically through data condensation, categorization, and interpretation. The findings indicate that forest communities perceive the forest as a living space, a source of livelihood, and a sacred space. This collective ecological awareness aligns with creation theology and integral ecology, emphasizing the interconnectedness between humans and creation. However, this awareness is in tension with economic pressures and weak institutional support, preventing it from developing into stable and sustainable collective practices. Conceptually, this article expands community-based ecotheology by arguing that the formation of ecological subjects depends not only on faith-based awareness but also on strengthened social and economic structures, sustained community accompaniment, and cross-sector collaboration. This study contributes to contextual Catholic ecotheology in Indonesia by engaging in dialogical exchange with the lived realities of forest communities.
THE DIALECTIC OF DIVINE TRANSCENDENCE AND IMMANENCE IN THE LORD’S PRAYER (MATT. 6:9-13): A THEOLOGICAL-EXEGETICAL STUDY
This article examines how the Lord’s Prayer (Matt. 6:9-13) articulates the relationship between divine transcendence and immanence within Jesus’ instruction on prayer. While major Matthean and Lord’s Prayer provide extensive exegetical, literary, and theological discussions of the text, the interplay of transcendence and immanence is often treated implicitly or dispersed across broader themes (such as kingdom, discipleship, ethics, and eschatology) rather than analyzed as an integrated theological pattern within the prayer’s structure. Addressing this gap, the study employs qualitative research through close exegetical reading of Matthew 6:9-13 alongside systematic-theological analysis. The analysis suggests that the opening address, “Our Father in heaven,” functions to hold together God’s nearness (“Father”) and otherness (“in heaven”) as a framing tension for the petitions that follow. The first triad of petitions (“hallowed be your name,” “your kingdom come,” “your will be done”) is read as primarily oriented toward God’s sovereign initiative and holiness, whereas the second triad (“give us today our daily bread,” “do not bring us into temptation,” “deliver us from the evil one”) foregrounds divine provision, forgiveness, and protection in the lived experience of the praying community. Furthermore, the prayer’s theological coherence is interpreted in relation to Jesus’ teaching authority in Matthew, where Jesus mediates the knowledge of God and shapes the disciples’ address to God. The article argues that reading the Lord’s Prayer through the transcendence–immanence lens clarifies its internal logic and offers a constructive framework for describing divine-human relationality in Matthean prayer practice.
FAITH AMID EMPLOYMENT ANXIETY: A CONTEXTUAL-SOCIOLOGICAL THEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE JOB HUGGING PHENOMENON IN INDONESIA
The phenomenon of job-hugging has emerged increasingly in the modern workplace as a response to post-pandemic economic uncertainty. To date, however, it has predominantly been examined through economic and psychological frameworks. This study explores job hugging from a theological perspective by analyzing the relationship between faith and anxiety in the context of contemporary working life in Indonesia. This research employs a contextual, systematic, theological approach using a qualitative, reflective method grounded in a review of theological literature, the theology of work, and contemporary pastoral theology. The findings indicate that job-hugging does not merely reflect a survival strategy but also reveals a crisis of modern faith, namely, the displacement of ultimate security from divine providence to employment and worldly stability. Anxiety is understood both as a spiritual symptom of weakened faith and as a reflective space that may lead to a deepening of existential faith. The novelty of this study lies in its interpretation of job hugging as a theological phenomenon that manifests the dialectical dynamic between faith and anxiety, as well as in its formulation of pastoral implications that situate work as vocation within the framework of providentia Dei. This study affirms the contribution of systematic theology in enriching contemporary discourse on the modern world of work and in strengthening the pastoral accompaniment of believers.
CHANGE LEADERSHIP MODEL IN THE BOOK OF NEHEMIAH: A THEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR CONTEMPORARY ORGANIZATIONAL MANAGEMENT
This study explores the leadership concepts demonstrated by Nehemiah in the context of the restoration of Jerusalem's walls. The primary focus is on the managerial strategies adopted by Nehemiah and how these principles can be applied in modern management contexts. By highlighting communication skills, decision-making, and collaboration, this article aims to provide new insights for business and organizational leaders. The methodology employed includes hermeneutic analysis and literature review, analyzing Nehemiah's leadership through scriptural texts and historical contexts. The findings reveal that Nehemiah's strategic approach to leadership can significantly enhance contemporary management practices. The novelty of this research lies in its application of ancient biblical principles to modern organizational challenges, offering a unique perspective on effective leadership.
Nehemiah, leadership, modern management, communication, decision-making.
EKKLESIA DI RUANG PUBLIK: PEMBACAAN EKLESIOLOGIS ATAS MATIUS 16:18 DALAM KONTEKS GEREJA INDONESIA
When disease begins to infect the entire body of a Christian, Christians try various ways to restore and heal their body to health again, but human methods are limited, the disease remains in the human body, so that severe self-doubt makes people feel very hopeless in living life and looking to their future, as if there is no more hope for recovery and returning to a healthy life. Therefore, the current research aims to inform when medical treatment does not change the human body to be healed, so that spiritual treatment appears to be able to provide peace and guarantee of healing as long as the person fully believes in the Healing Power of God by having faith as big as a mustard seed, then total Divine Healing can occur in the human body. This qualitative research shows the role and implications of Christian belief and having faith as big as a mustard seed, the power of prayer, the power of praise and worship, in total healing of all illnesses. A person's disbelief that their illness will be healed when someone believes that by paying attention to a healthy lifestyle, diligently controlling their health regularly and placing true trust in hope in God as Jenovah Rapha and eternal salvation for Christians. The discussion in the research now explains that as long as Christians believe in the power of healing, singing and psalming to God will awaken faith the size of a mustard seed in Christians for total divine healing for all their illnesses, finally it can be concluded that total healing for all human illnesses, especially Christians, is by strengthening the Christian's faith from having no hope to having faith the size of a mustard seed, having hope for complete recovery and having hope again in the future for the glory of God.
Complete Trust; Mustard Seed Faith; The Power of Prayer; The Power of Praise and Worship; Total Healing
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INTERGRASI PASTORAL DALAM PENDIDIKAN TEOLOGI: MODEL FORMASI KARAKTER MAHASISWA UNTUK KESIAPAN PELAYANAN KEJEMAATAN
The focus of this research is "Interpreting the Role of the Bible in the Spiritual Growth of Christian Students through Contextual Discipleship in Surakarta." This study aims to find the meaning of the role of the Bible in the spiritual growth of Christian students through Contextual Discipleship in Surakarta. This study used a qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach to the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis model. Through this research, the writer found the meaning of the Bible's very important role in the spiritual growth of students. Students are aware of many challenges that keep them from growing spiritually. But with the awareness that the Bible is the revelation of God without error and without defects, it is what encourages students to strive to be faithful in studying it so that spiritual growth is continually renewed into mature, Christ-like individuals.
Interpretation, Role, Bible, Spiritual Growth, Students, Discipleship
EKESIOLOGI DI ERA KECERDASAN BUATAN: REFLEKSI TEOLOGIS ATAS IDENTITAS DAN MISI GEREJA DIGITAL
Technological developments, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), are transforming human life, including in the context of the church. This article examines the relevance and identity of the church in the AI era using a biblically based theological approach, specifically the human cultural mandate (imago Dei) and the warning against human pride (the Tower of Babel). This research uses qualitative methods through literature study and biblical analysis. The results show that AI can expand mission reach, increase efficiency, and personalize ministry, but also raise theological and ethical challenges, such as dehumanization, algorithmic bias, and the risk of degradation of personal relationships. The essence of the church as a relational community living in the love of Christ, as well as the sacraments and the role of the pastor, remain irreplaceable. This article provides a new reflective-theological framework for understanding AI as a strategic opportunity without obscuring the essence of the church, thus contributing to the development of digital ecclesiology discourse in the context of contemporary theology.
PERIKHORESIS ALLAH TRINITAS SEBAGAI PARADIGMA RELASI GEREJA DALAM KONTEKS KEMAJEMUKAN AGAMA DI INDONESIA
Indonesia, as a plural society, often faces tensions among religious communities, challenging the church to offer a constructive paradigm of interfaith relations. This study aims to interpret the concept of perichoresis of the Triune God as a relational model for the church in engaging with other religions in the Indonesian context. The method employed is a literature-based study with a constructive theological approach, integrating classical and contemporary sources (Thomas Aquinas, Jürgen Moltmann, Joas Adiprasetya, and others) that discuss perichoresis and relational theology. Through this exploration, the study formulates three pillars of interfaith praxis—equality, openness, and cooperation—derived from the principle of perichoresis. The findings show that (1) perichoresis provides a relational framework that affirms religious identity without subordination; and (2) the paradigm of perichoresis offers an alternative to pluralist or inclusivist models by affirming both unity and difference. Thus, the study concludes that Trinitarian theology, when read through the lens of perichoresis, can contribute concretely to interreligious relations in Indonesia.
BAPTISAN MENURUT INJIL YOHANES DAN DALAM TRADISI BATAK TOBA
This study explores the theological meaning of baptism in the Gospel of John through a dialogue with the Martutu Aek ritual within the Batak Toba community. The Batak tradition concerning water in Martutu Aek provides insights that enrich the understanding of baptism, particularly in the Johannine context, and supports the development of a contextual theology relevant to the Batak people. Employing a qualitative and interdisciplinary approach that integrates biblical theology, contextual theology, and cultural anthropology, the study analyzes key texts from John 3 and 4 and interprets the symbolism of Martutu Aek ethnographically. The aim is to uncover both the resonances and theological tensions between the two. The findings indicate that, while both emphasize purification, identity formation, and communal integration through water, the concept of “living water” in the Gospel of John offers a new theological horizon for Martutu Aek, whereas Martutu Aek enriches the understanding of baptism in relational and cultural dimensions. This dialogue contributes to the formation of an initiation theology that is more grounded, relevant, and incarnational for the Batak church.
KUASA BAHASA KESEPULUH FIRMAN: SUATU KAJIAN ANALISIS WACANA HISTORIS TERHADAP KELUARAN 20:1-17
This article examines the Ten Commandments (Exodus 20:1–17) using the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) as developed by Ruth Wodak. The study aims to analyze how divine authority is constructed and legitimized both linguistically and theologically within the text, while also uncovering the social and theological implications of language use in shaping the moral and spiritual order of the faith community. The research employs a qualitative method with a literature-based approach. The findings reveal that the Ten Commandments function not merely as ethical imperatives but also as a discursive instrument for constructing social structures, legitimizing divine authority, and forming the collective identity of the people of Israel. Analysis of topical structure, discursive strategies, and linguistic features within the text confirms the role of language as a vehicle for establishing norms, authority, and the social world of believers. These insights contribute a new dimension to biblical theological studies through the lens of critical linguistic analysis.
SPEAK UP: ABRAHAM’S NEGOTIATION WITH GOD AS A TEACHING MOMENT FOR JUSTICE ADVOCACY
This study examines Genesis 18:16-33, focusing on the conversation between God and Abraham regarding the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah. The study aims to explore how this narrative teaches about divine justice, mercy, and the relational nature of God. Using a qualitative and exegetical approach, the study analyzes the text in its historical and literary context, incorporating secondary theological sources. The finding of this study is that conversation is a paedagogical moment that becomes a foundation for humans to speak up, advocating for justice.
MENGABDI TANPA MENGORBANKAN: UPAYA MEMBANGUN KESEIMBANGAN IDEAL PELAYANAN PASTORAL DAN KELUARGA (MINISTRY-FAMILY BALANCE) BAGI PENDETA
This study examines the role conflict experienced by pastors in balancing pastoral ministry and family responsibilities. As spiritual leaders, pastors face significant expectations from the congregation while also being responsible for maintaining harmony within their families. The imbalance between these roles often leads to mental health challenges, weakened family relationships, and reduced effectiveness in ministry. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this study analyzes the theological and ethical foundations of pastoral leadership and family obligations through a literature review. The findings highlight that role conflict in pastoral ministry stems from excessive workload, unrealistic expectations, and lack of clear boundaries between church and family life. To achieve an ideal balance, pastors must adopt ministry-family integration, time management, and transparent communication. Additionally, prioritizing both ministry and family as a form of devotion to God ensures a holistic and sustainable pastoral service. The study concludes that achieving balance is essential for pastoral effectiveness and family well-being, requiring intentional strategies to prevent burnout and relational discord.
DARI RITUAL KE IDENTITAS: ANALISIS HISTORIS-TEOLOGIS MAKNA SOSIAL PERJAMUAN KUDUS
This study aims to explore the social identity constructed by the Sacrament of the Holy Communion. The main issue stems from the fact that the Holy Communion, often viewed as the essence and center of theology, is understood merely as a ritual that impacts only the relationship between God and humanity. As a result, the social meaning of the Holy Communion is lost, creating social gaps within the church as it fails to have a direct impact on the actual social life of the congregation. Therefore, this research seeks to delve into the social-historical and social-theological aspects to uncover the social values of the Holy Communion based on the development of the communion and the doctrines that have discussed it. The findings reveal that, although rarely associated with social values in society, the Holy Communion plays a significant role in shaping human social identity, specifically the identity of the communion community. Thus, the Holy Communion is a fundamental element in forming and structuring human social identity by calling them into the communion as the communion community.
ESCHATOLOGICAL ANALYSIS: ANGELS CAPTURED AND BOUND THE DEVIL FOR A THOUSAND YEARS, STUDY OF REVELATION 20:2
The Millennial Kingdom is often understood differently by believers, in general some believe that the Millennial Kingdom will happen in the future, some believe that the Millennial Kingdom does not exist, and argue that the Millennial Kingdom is already happening now. Regarding the rapture, there are also various opinions, some believe that before the seven-year period of the antichrist the church of God will be raptured so that it will not experience torture, others argue that the church will be raptured after the three and a half years of the antichrist, and another view says that the church of God will only be raptured after the end of the antichrist. These differences in views must be straightened out according to God's teachings in the Bible, with biblical hermeneutic analysis. This study aims to find out how angels capture and bind the devil for a thousand years. This research method uses literature studies, exegeses and hermeneutics of verses, and interpretations of theologians. The conclusion of this study is that the devil is bound for a thousand years as proof of the prophecy that there will be a time when the Lord Jesus will rule theocratically together with believers and so that the devil does not lead the nations astray.
THE ROLE OF CHRISTIAN EDUCATION IN SUPPORTING INDONESIA'S FREE NUTRITIOUS MEALS POLICY TO PROMOTE HEALTH AND INTELLECTUAL GROWTH
This qualitative study explores the role of Christian education in supporting Indonesia's Free Nutritious Meals Policy (FNMP) to promote children's health and intellectual growth. Using a literature review approach, the research examines existing studies, government reports, and educational frameworks to understand how Christian education complements the policy's goals. The FNMP, which aims to address malnutrition and enhance educational outcomes, provides free meals to students across the country. Christian education, with its emphasis on moral, spiritual, and intellectual development, aligns with the policy by fostering values of stewardship, responsibility, and care for others. This study investigates how Christian schools integrate nutrition education into their curricula and encourage healthy lifestyle choices among students. By examining the intersection of Christian values and national health policies, the paper highlights how Christian education can contribute to raising awareness of the importance of nutrition for physical and cognitive well-being. The research also identifies opportunities for collaboration between Christian institutions and government bodies to strengthen the policy's impact. The findings suggest that Christian education plays a crucial role in not only supporting the FNMP but also enhancing its effectiveness by promoting a well-rounded approach to children's development.
TANGIS DI BAWAH LAMPU MERAH: KAJIAN ETIKA KRISTEN TERHADAP EKSPLOITASI ANAK SEBAGAI PERBUDAKAN
The phenomenon of buskers and car window cleaners at red lights carrying babies to solicit pity is increasingly prevalent in big cities. This practice raises serious issues because it involves the exploitation of children as a means of gaining sympathy with the aim of economic gain. This article examines child exploitation in this context as a form of modern slavery from the perspective of Christian ethics. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to analyse this phenomenon through a review of relevant literature. The results show that child exploitation in the form of using babies for begging at red lights can be categorised as a form of modern slavery. Christian ethics condemns this practice because it contradicts human values that recognise every human being as God's creation that is valuable and has dignity. A Christian ethical perspective suggests that any action that treats human beings, especially children, as tools for economic gain is a violation of human dignity and the fundamental rights of the child. The church, as an institution that holds a prophetic role, must be actively involved in responding to this issue, through education, advocacy, and social services to protect children from exploitation.
EVALUATING A POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM SUPPORT: A DUAL APPROACH USING REALIST EVALUATION AND CIPP MODEL FOR ACCREDITION ENHANCEMENT
This research explores the effectiveness of a Graduate Program Support Program in enhancing the accreditation status by employing the Realist Evaluation and CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) Model Evaluation approaches. Addressing a research gap regarding the nuanced impact of support programs on postgraduate accreditation, this study combines qualitative document analysis, stakeholder interviews, and field observations. The research investigates how contextual factors and program elements influence the success of the support program in the complex landscape of postgraduate education. The primary research question focuses on understanding the interplay between the Realist Evaluation and the CIPP Model in evaluating and improving accreditation outcomes. The study aims to comprehensively understand the key elements contributing to the program's success. Findings reveal that the integrated approach successfully enhances accreditation by addressing program components and contextual nuances. Recommendations include tighter integration of program components, enhanced collaboration among stakeholders, and refinement of evaluation strategies. In conclusion, integrating the Realist Evaluation and the CIPP Model proves valuable in designing effective support programs for advancing postgraduate accreditation, offering insights that contribute significantly to the existing knowledge in educational program evaluation
INSTITUSI PENDIDIKAN KRISTEN SEBAGAI PILAR KEMERDEKAAN PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA
Educational freedom in Indonesia faces significant challenges, including commercialization of education, unequal access, low quality of human resources, corruption, and economic conditions that limit access to quality education. Christian educational institutions play an essential role in realizing equal access and quality of education for all levels of society, regardless of social or economic background. Despite policies such as free education and infrastructure improvements, inequality remains a significant obstacle that has yet to be fully resolved. Strengthening collaboration between the government, church, and society is needed to overcome these obstacles, including strengthening Christian educational institutions' capacity, developing alternative education, and providing more inclusive financial support. These steps are expected to create a fair and equitable educational environment, allowing everyone to access quality education as a foundation for more inclusive and sustainable national development.
MENERAPKAN PRINSIP KERAJAAN ALLAH DALAM KEHIDUPAN SEHARI-HARI: PENDEKATAN KONSTRUKTIF UNTUK TRANSFORMASI SPIRITUAL DAN SOSIAL
This study explores applying the principles of the Kingdom of God in the daily lives of Christians with a constructive approach that focuses on spiritual and social transformation. The Kingdom of God, often understood as an eschatological reality, is also present in today's world through values ??such as love, justice, forgiveness, and peace. This study uses a qualitative and library research approach to analyze relevant theological and biblical sources. The study's results indicate that the principles of the Kingdom of God can be internalized through personal reflection, Christian ethics education, and involvement in a supportive community. This strategy aims to shape the character of Christians to be in line with the culture of the Kingdom of God so that they can be light and salt in society. With consistent application, it is hoped that people can experience spiritual transformation and positively impact the social environment.
MENYENTUH DAN MENYEMBUHKAN: STUDI TENTANG PRAKTIK KESEMBUHAN YESUS DALAM KRISIS KESEHATAN GALILEA
This study examines the theological and practical implications of Jesus’ healing practices, particularly about women’s mental health in Indonesia. Jesus, as a healer in the first century in Galilee, transcended social and religious boundaries by touching and healing those marginalized, including women. The practice of healing through physical touch is not only a medical act but also reflects God’s compassion that touches individuals' physical, emotional, and spiritual aspects. In the Indonesian context, where women’s mental health is often neglected and stigmatized, Jesus’ approach offers a model of ministry that the church can adopt to create an inclusive and supportive environment. This study uses library research methods to analyze theological and historical literature and compares the social conditions in Galilee with women’s mental health in Indonesia. The results show that Jesus’ holistic approach can inspire the church to support the psychological and spiritual well-being of the congregation, as well as address the stigma of mental health, creating broader healing in society.
MEWUJUDKAN KOINONIA YANG MISIONAL: ANALISIS TEOLOGI PRAKTIS TERHADAP PARTISIPASI GMIT BET’EL DALAM MERESPONS ISU RENDAHNYA KUALITAS PENDIDIKAN DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
The low quality of education in East Nusa Tenggara significantly impacts people's lives. GMIT Bet'el, part of the Gereja Masehi Injili di Timor (GMIT), has a vital role in improving the quality of education, but its participation still needs to be improved. This study analyzes the role of GMIT Bet'el in education using practical theology based on Richard R. Osmer's framework and the missional koinonia theory of John Zizioulas and J. Andrew Kirk, as well as the missio Dei concept of the World Council of Churches (WCC). Using qualitative methods that include four tasks of practical theology—descriptive-empirical, interpretive, normative, and pragmatic—, it was found that a lack of congregational motivation, imbalanced priorities, and financial constraints hampers GMIT Bet'el's participation. This theological reflection emphasizes the need for GMIT Bet'el to become a missional koinonia, focusing on education as part of God's mission through awareness-raising, strategic planning, and wise resource management.
PEMBINA SEBAGAI SAHABAT: KONSTRUKSI KEPEMIMPINAN SAHABAT DI STASI SANTO POLYKARPUS PANDUMPASAN
This study addresses the issue of subordination within the servant leadership model and proposes the concept of friendship leadership, which emphasizes an egalitarian relationship between leaders and congregation members, based on the theology of friendship from John 15:15. The objective of the research is to examine the application of the friendship leadership model by OMK mentors at Stasi Santo Polykarpus Pandumpasan and its impact on the active participation of OMK in the Sunday Word service, as well as the improvement of relationships between mentors and OMK. The research argues that the friendship leadership model creates an inclusive environment that supports the spiritual and social growth of the congregation. The qualitative research method employs techniques such as interviews, observations, documentation, and thematic data analysis. The study's findings indicate that the friendship leadership model effectively increases the active participation of OMK, improves the relationships between mentors and OMK, and creates a more inclusive and supportive environment within the church community.
HEGEMONI AGAMA DI INDONESIA: PERSPEKTIF PASTORAL LINTAS AGAMA
This article aims to examine the religious hegemony that is currently occurring in Indonesia, where in several cases that have occurred over the last five years, the dominance of one religion over another religion is clear and occurs continuously. This can certainly damage the perfection of diversity in Indonesia itself, considering that diversity is one of the characteristics inherent in Indonesia's identity as a great nation. Religious hegemony in Indonesia is considered the "right" thing to do because of the power obtained from the dominance of the majority religion. Therefore, the author wants to conduct an cross-religious pastoral study in looking at issues of power faced by religion as a tool to make power appear legitimate. This study concludes with an ethical attitude based on the understanding that power is created, defeated and can be redeemed, which will help us to see what ethical attitude the church must take towards hegemony of power. The specific calling of the church is to understand and engage with both the structure and spirituality of oppressive institutions.
PANGERAN PARA PENGKHOTBAH: PATRON CHARLES HADDON SPURGEON DALAM KHOTBAH EKSPOSITORI BAGI GEREJA POSTMODERN
Charles Haddon Spurgeon, known as the "Prince of Preachers," provides an extraordinary model for postmodern preachers through his profound and detailed expository sermons. Spurgeon emphasized the importance of exegetical accuracy, practical application, and effective rhetoric in conveying the message of the Bible. Additionally, his involvement in social work and dedication to theological education, such as the founding of The Pastor's College, demonstrate his commitment to addressing social needs and supporting the church's growth. Spurgeon's integrity and personal commitment to his ministry also serve as essential pillars for contemporary preachers to follow. Through the contextualization of the Gospel, Spurgeon successfully connected the message of the Bible with the realities of his congregation's lives, offering a relevant example for addressing the challenges of the times. Postmodern preachers are advised to adopt Spurgeon's methods and principles of ministry, including in-depth exegetical study, active involvement in social work, and continuous theological education. In doing so, preachers can deliver impactful services, strengthen the foundation of faith, and expand the church's influence within society.
RELIGION, POLITICAL POSITION, AND NATION ON SOCIAL MEDIA: REVISITING THE DIALECTICS AND DISCOURSES ON THE JAKARTA LEADERSHIP AMONG SOCIAL MEDIA (INSTAGRAM) USERS
This study aims to examine the religious expressions of young Instagram users in Jakarta and its surroundings related to the governor candidates ahead of the 2017 Jakarta Gubernatorial Election, the dialectic of religious views that occur, the reasons behind these religious views. The data in this study were obtained by observation, documentation, and interviews. Data collection and analysis were carried out using qualitative methods. The analysis and interpretation are arranged in a theoretical framework which is reviewed and sourced from several literatures related to the research focus. The results of this study indicate that public expressions on the Instagram official accounts of the 2017 Jakarta governor candidates often discuss religious issues and there are pro and contra dialectics between Islamic and non-Islamic (Christian) leaders, along with their arguments. Religious passion is obviously seen and there is a strong tendency in the public expression of Instagram comments by linking religious aspects to the figure who will lead Jakarta. There are three interrelated themes that become the main argument in dialectics and the opposition whether or not a non-Muslim governor is allowed to become a leader, namely theological, fiqh, and national interest. These views may have been influenced by religious education obtained formally or informally, religious authorities such as ustadz or ulama whose opinions are considered correct, and available online or printed religious information.