Ritual Slaughtering of Livestock in “Aluk Rambu Solo”: How the way of Torajan Appropriate the Doctrine of Jesus as Sacrifice

Kebudayaan Indonesia sangat kaya dengan ritual keagamaan, menariknya salah satu kebudayaan yang usianya sangat tua adalah ritual pemotongan hewan, yang juga biasa dilakukan sejak zaman Abraham. Hampir semua tradisi dari berbagai dunia memiliki ritual kurban dengan memotong segala jenis hewan. Salah satu tradisi itu ada di Tana Toraja. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menyoroti suatu usaha untuk mengadopsi ritual mantunnu tedong untuk menjelaskan pemahaman orang percaya mengenai pengorbanan Kristus di atas kayu salib. Dalam tulisan meyakini adanya titik temu atau jembatan yang mampu menjelaskan ajaran Alkitab bagi orang-orang di Toraja sehingga mereka dapat memaknai ritual Rambu Solo beserta ritual pemotongan kerbau lebih alkitabiah.


Introduction
The death of Christ on the cross as a sacrifice to atone his people and as the mediator between God and men is a central theme in the Christian doctrine. His death as a sacrifice is one of many metaphors used by the New Testament (NT) writers.
For some people, the death of Christ, which make peace between God and men, seems like a violence, for instance, feminists see it as a "child abuse." Also came a critical negative from a juridical perspective.
Some tribes in Indonesia like Toraja has a sacrificial concept called mantunu tedong. This tradition become a life system among torajan. They have myth and "old understanding" by this ritual the soul of the dead will be save to the "heaven". The slaughtering of livestock, that is called Aluk Rambu Solo (ARS) is use in the death funerals ritual. Interestingly, part of them do not think any negative aspect of the slaughtering of livestock and the sacrifice of Christ. The problem is when they become a syncretism.
This situation may become a obstacle to the growth of their faith. As Hiebert states a careful analysis, "Conversion to Christ must encompass all three level: behavior, beliefs, and the worldview that underlies these. Christian should live differently because the Christians, however if their behavior is primarily on the traditional rather than Christian beliefs it becomes pagan ritual (Hiebert, 2008:9)

Methodology
The methodology in this study uses an intercultural study approach, the analysis and description of contextual expressions of Christianity. 1 Where in assessing a culture that is seen from the behavior of a community in a particular place. Then analyze various ways to teach particular doctrine using their own habits. We are not only criticizing but provides solutions by paying attention to certain activities to undergo a transformation of their  (Wrogemann, 2018: 25).

Aluk Rambu Solo: The Days of Weeping but Full Of Blessings
The ARS is the highest ritual in fact, all asset of those who died will be spent for this ceremony. Therefore, there is a philosophy in Toraja, "live for death" (Kobong, 2008: 38 The most important ritual in the ARS is a livestock slaughtering: buffalo and pig. One's stratification will the number of animals that will be used a ceremony in versa. Therefore, an offering is presented to maintain the relationship to gods (deata) and ancestors so that God will give more wealth, prosperity, and welfare (Kobong, 2008: 36)." The tradition of tribal belief causes Because there is always the obligation for a receiver to return this investment at another time (Hollan & Wellenkamp, 1994: 86 Here Luke clearly presents the last supper as a Passover meal and describes traditional rituals (Head, 1995, 117). Luke describes the death of Jesus as a sacrifice parallel as a new Passover meal. In contrary, according to Beck he believes that Christ's death is like a martyr's action. Therefore, it is not suitable to be called as a sacrifice as in the Old Testament. Similar to Beck, Biviano also assessed that in the context of early Christian tradition, the 19:31). Further, Macleod reminds that in the last supper, the blood was always treated separately in the sacrificial liturgy, because Jesus saw his death as, in the most formal sense, as a sacrifice (Macleod, 2014: 24). To explain the meaning of his death that's is his sacrifice, Jesus appropriates the content of the imagery of paschal lamb, and in order to speak of the redemptive power of God related to his covenant, (Head, 1995: 113 (Young, 1975: 67 (Beckwith, 1995:133 The Synod's decision has not effectively affected the most of congregation's faith, in contrast, they are apparently more influenced by the modernity (Kobong, 2008:322). Those who decide to be faithful in their Christian tradition, they will consistently be critical to their culture. Of course, their belief will influence explains about the personality and influences their family both in positive and in a negative way. Contrarily, those who neglect the doctrine of Christ work, they will easily return to follow their ritual; this causes syncretism in the church of Toraja. What is more? The second group, In fact, is much than the first, and we can see them easily in church and society. Therefore, we have to be careful when making an appropriation; as Kobong says: "… According to Christianity, an essential structure of ARS practice is similar everywhere. People not gives an offering to ancestor anymore, but the pastor will explain based on the Bible, which is about Christ atoning and call them to believe. ARS principal as offering ritual to the ancestor has been replaced by a state of being a true hope message by the church (Kobong, 2008:314 (Niebuhr, 1952: 43 (Peays, 2007:209-210 (Niebuhr, 1952:150).
In this case, culture should not influence the